1 00:00:06,349 --> 00:00:04,730 hi welcome inside the International 2 00:00:07,880 --> 00:00:06,359 Space Station flight control room were 3 00:00:10,100 --> 00:00:07,890 doing this Digital Learning Network 4 00:00:13,310 --> 00:00:10,110 we're talking to I understand second to 5 00:00:16,220 --> 00:00:13,320 ninth grade students out at a space camp 6 00:00:17,540 --> 00:00:16,230 at kennedy space center space camp is 7 00:00:19,790 --> 00:00:17,550 cool this guy knows because he's been a 8 00:00:22,040 --> 00:00:19,800 space camp a few a few times our guest 9 00:00:24,380 --> 00:00:22,050 is today is NASA astronaut Mike Fossum 10 00:00:27,380 --> 00:00:24,390 he's been to space three times twice 11 00:00:30,200 --> 00:00:27,390 aboard the space shuttle 121 124 and 12 00:00:33,080 --> 00:00:30,210 then once aboard the International Space 13 00:00:36,740 --> 00:00:33,090 Station most recently where he spent 167 14 00:00:38,869 --> 00:00:36,750 days in space award expedition 28 and he 15 00:00:42,799 --> 00:00:38,879 was the commander of expedition 29 and 16 00:00:44,840 --> 00:00:42,809 he has conducted seven spacewalk and so 17 00:00:46,250 --> 00:00:44,850 he knows it all so you guys will ready 18 00:00:47,930 --> 00:00:46,260 welcome Mike and thanks for coming 19 00:00:49,520 --> 00:00:47,940 thanks because it's great to be here 20 00:00:51,380 --> 00:00:49,530 it's hard for me to believe that one 21 00:00:53,990 --> 00:00:51,390 year ago right now I was living on the 22 00:00:56,240 --> 00:00:54,000 space station for almost half a year so 23 00:00:58,790 --> 00:00:56,250 it great experience doing that and it's 24 00:01:07,760 --> 00:00:58,800 great to be home now too and so we're 25 00:01:10,820 --> 00:01:07,770 ready for your questions my name is Ali 26 00:01:14,210 --> 00:01:10,830 and I'm from Korea and my most memorable 27 00:01:23,749 --> 00:01:14,220 moment was writing the multiple access 28 00:01:27,950 --> 00:01:23,759 trainer and my question was that um what 29 00:01:30,200 --> 00:01:27,960 was my most memorable moment okay so 30 00:01:32,210 --> 00:01:30,210 your your most memorable moment what at 31 00:01:35,030 --> 00:01:32,220 Space Camp was riding the multiple 32 00:01:38,390 --> 00:01:35,040 access trainer that thing is kind of 33 00:01:40,399 --> 00:01:38,400 crazy I've written that that at multiple 34 00:01:43,310 --> 00:01:40,409 access trainer at down there at Space 35 00:01:44,929 --> 00:01:43,320 Camp for me my most memorable moment 36 00:01:47,899 --> 00:01:44,939 probably there's a lot of them but 37 00:01:49,940 --> 00:01:47,909 probably it was kind of similar to what 38 00:01:52,219 --> 00:01:49,950 you had it was coming home in the Soyuz 39 00:01:54,499 --> 00:01:52,229 spacecraft very different the space 40 00:01:57,050 --> 00:01:54,509 shuttle came in and landed like a great 41 00:01:59,539 --> 00:01:57,060 big airliner very smooth coming home in 42 00:02:01,039 --> 00:01:59,549 the Soyuz was a lot more exciting it got 43 00:02:03,139 --> 00:02:01,049 you kind of twisted and tumbled around 44 00:02:05,840 --> 00:02:03,149 like you did on the on the trainer there 45 00:02:07,370 --> 00:02:05,850 as the parachutes are opening and it's 46 00:02:10,520 --> 00:02:07,380 kind of like whipping it around like a 47 00:02:12,920 --> 00:02:10,530 ball on the end of a string and so that 48 00:02:13,650 --> 00:02:12,930 the Act multiple-access trainer that you 49 00:02:16,680 --> 00:02:13,660 you 50 00:02:18,510 --> 00:02:16,690 actually was was a very realistic kind 51 00:02:20,520 --> 00:02:18,520 of training for the dynamics that we 52 00:02:28,110 --> 00:02:20,530 felt during when I came home just before 53 00:02:31,500 --> 00:02:28,120 Thanksgiving great question next hi my 54 00:02:35,070 --> 00:02:31,510 name is Kayla and my question is how do 55 00:02:39,900 --> 00:02:35,080 you feel about your job and how how long 56 00:02:43,050 --> 00:02:39,910 did it take to be a s oh that's great I 57 00:02:45,090 --> 00:02:43,060 I'd love my job and it has been a dream 58 00:02:47,910 --> 00:02:45,100 of mine since I was probably about your 59 00:02:49,620 --> 00:02:47,920 age I was 12 years old when I really was 60 00:02:51,300 --> 00:02:49,630 laying on a hillside at night looking up 61 00:02:52,920 --> 00:02:51,310 at the stars and I felt like we're not 62 00:02:55,770 --> 00:02:52,930 just looking at the stars but we're in 63 00:02:57,540 --> 00:02:55,780 the stars and that's when we were we're 64 00:02:59,670 --> 00:02:57,550 landing on the moon right at that time 65 00:03:01,830 --> 00:02:59,680 and I said you know what I want to do 66 00:03:03,570 --> 00:03:01,840 that and I would dream about doing that 67 00:03:07,440 --> 00:03:03,580 and I never completely gave up on that 68 00:03:10,530 --> 00:03:07,450 dream as I continued through my high 69 00:03:12,300 --> 00:03:10,540 school and college education and then 70 00:03:14,900 --> 00:03:12,310 different jobs along the way so it did 71 00:03:17,610 --> 00:03:14,910 take me a lot of years I applied 72 00:03:19,949 --> 00:03:17,620 multiple times more than once to be an 73 00:03:22,020 --> 00:03:19,959 astronaut before I was selected but it 74 00:03:24,150 --> 00:03:22,030 was absolutely worth the hard work along 75 00:03:25,770 --> 00:03:24,160 the way and I wasn't waiting I didn't 76 00:03:29,340 --> 00:03:25,780 get selected the first second or even 77 00:03:31,020 --> 00:03:29,350 third time but I wasn't waiting I was 78 00:03:34,949 --> 00:03:31,030 working hard at the different jobs that 79 00:03:36,540 --> 00:03:34,959 i had and trying to contribute to the to 80 00:03:38,970 --> 00:03:36,550 the space program in different ways 81 00:03:40,980 --> 00:03:38,980 until i was finally selected and now 82 00:03:42,930 --> 00:03:40,990 i've really enjoyed it a lot i'm very 83 00:03:46,199 --> 00:03:42,940 fortunate to have gone into space three 84 00:03:48,180 --> 00:03:46,209 times and now i'm helping the people 85 00:03:50,010 --> 00:03:48,190 that are going into space that are 86 00:03:53,190 --> 00:03:50,020 flying on the space station right right 87 00:03:56,100 --> 00:03:53,200 now we have two Americans one Japanese 88 00:03:57,630 --> 00:03:56,110 and three Russian living on the space 89 00:03:59,220 --> 00:03:57,640 station right now and so I'm helping 90 00:04:00,990 --> 00:03:59,230 them out with their mission and getting 91 00:04:03,390 --> 00:04:01,000 next crews ready to go so I'm still 92 00:04:06,060 --> 00:04:03,400 enjoying my job a lot great what a 93 00:04:10,580 --> 00:04:06,070 question and so hard work and a little 94 00:04:20,219 --> 00:04:15,990 um I I'm Caleb I'm from Roseburg Oregon 95 00:04:21,780 --> 00:04:20,229 and my question is are you are you glad 96 00:04:25,980 --> 00:04:21,790 that you did all the training so you 97 00:04:27,659 --> 00:04:25,990 could be an astronaut oh sure Caleb the 98 00:04:29,550 --> 00:04:27,669 trainings a lot of work and we call it a 99 00:04:31,200 --> 00:04:29,560 lot of work but there's parts of it that 100 00:04:33,480 --> 00:04:31,210 are a lot of fun too now part of it 101 00:04:35,370 --> 00:04:33,490 sitting in school sitting in astronauts 102 00:04:37,050 --> 00:04:35,380 cool literally where we have teachers 103 00:04:39,810 --> 00:04:37,060 that come in and teach us about the 104 00:04:42,779 --> 00:04:39,820 detailed technical details in in a 105 00:04:44,879 --> 00:04:42,789 different system spacecraft systems and 106 00:04:46,980 --> 00:04:44,889 then but then you get to not just learn 107 00:04:50,490 --> 00:04:46,990 about it book learning but you get to go 108 00:04:54,360 --> 00:04:50,500 and actually operate it in trainers and 109 00:04:56,490 --> 00:04:54,370 maybe to learn how to you study in 110 00:04:58,590 --> 00:04:56,500 classroom about how the robot Cicero 111 00:05:00,930 --> 00:04:58,600 bhatak systems works and then you go 112 00:05:02,909 --> 00:05:00,940 work on trainers where you move in as 113 00:05:04,620 --> 00:05:02,919 you know simulated robotic arms and then 114 00:05:06,330 --> 00:05:04,630 you go out into space where you're 115 00:05:08,129 --> 00:05:06,340 actually moving the robot arm to do 116 00:05:10,710 --> 00:05:08,139 different tasks and so it's great 117 00:05:12,779 --> 00:05:10,720 experience and it definitely is a 118 00:05:14,820 --> 00:05:12,789 worthwhile and the training itself is a 119 00:05:16,650 --> 00:05:14,830 lot of fun too because there's there's a 120 00:05:18,330 --> 00:05:16,660 lot of different things associated with 121 00:05:20,879 --> 00:05:18,340 it I like to learn new things I like to 122 00:05:23,189 --> 00:05:20,889 do new things and so there's there's 123 00:05:27,300 --> 00:05:23,199 there's a lot of new things to learn and 124 00:05:30,839 --> 00:05:27,310 do another good question we're ready for 125 00:05:33,180 --> 00:05:30,849 the next one my name's Andy and I'm from 126 00:05:35,580 --> 00:05:33,190 boundary to New York and my question is 127 00:05:38,460 --> 00:05:35,590 what parts make up the International 128 00:05:40,740 --> 00:05:38,470 Space Station oh wow Andy that's a great 129 00:05:43,529 --> 00:05:40,750 question the this the International 130 00:05:45,480 --> 00:05:43,539 Space Station it's huge it's it's longer 131 00:05:47,460 --> 00:05:45,490 and wider than a football field when you 132 00:05:49,500 --> 00:05:47,470 include the whole thing and when you 133 00:05:50,640 --> 00:05:49,510 first look at it that mean probably one 134 00:05:52,950 --> 00:05:50,650 of the first things you see are these 135 00:05:55,020 --> 00:05:52,960 great big arrays these panels that are 136 00:05:57,300 --> 00:05:55,030 out on the end so they look gold colored 137 00:05:59,070 --> 00:05:57,310 and those are the part that grabbed 138 00:06:01,920 --> 00:05:59,080 sunlight and turn it into electricity 139 00:06:03,870 --> 00:06:01,930 and those generate all the electricity 140 00:06:05,820 --> 00:06:03,880 that we need on the space station and 141 00:06:07,589 --> 00:06:05,830 one of the sun shining on them they make 142 00:06:09,210 --> 00:06:07,599 the electricity and they charge up some 143 00:06:12,029 --> 00:06:09,220 batteries so when we're in the Earth's 144 00:06:14,520 --> 00:06:12,039 shadow we're using that electricity from 145 00:06:16,860 --> 00:06:14,530 the batteries to keep things going and 146 00:06:19,589 --> 00:06:16,870 then you see the canned parts they look 147 00:06:21,360 --> 00:06:19,599 like individual pieces of of like silver 148 00:06:22,710 --> 00:06:21,370 cans that are go together to make the 149 00:06:24,720 --> 00:06:22,720 pressurized 150 00:06:27,390 --> 00:06:24,730 of the space station and that's where we 151 00:06:29,460 --> 00:06:27,400 live and work and those those individual 152 00:06:32,250 --> 00:06:29,470 cans and they were sized most of them 153 00:06:34,920 --> 00:06:32,260 were sized to fit in the cargo bay of 154 00:06:36,300 --> 00:06:34,930 the space shuttle and so they filled up 155 00:06:37,770 --> 00:06:36,310 that cargo bay the shuttle and the 156 00:06:39,810 --> 00:06:37,780 shuttles would go up to the station and 157 00:06:43,100 --> 00:06:39,820 we'd add a new piece and those pieces 158 00:06:45,300 --> 00:06:43,110 are laboratories they're living modules 159 00:06:47,340 --> 00:06:45,310 one of them we kind of call it our 160 00:06:49,200 --> 00:06:47,350 gymnasium module because it has a lot of 161 00:06:51,360 --> 00:06:49,210 our exercise equipment and some stowage 162 00:06:52,800 --> 00:06:51,370 and stuff in there so that's probably 163 00:06:54,240 --> 00:06:52,810 the biggest stuff that makes it up 164 00:06:56,370 --> 00:06:54,250 there's all the things you have like at 165 00:06:58,080 --> 00:06:56,380 home we have a bedroom it's real small 166 00:07:01,260 --> 00:06:58,090 and you sleep on the wall because you 167 00:07:02,610 --> 00:07:01,270 don't need much room and so that's that 168 00:07:04,140 --> 00:07:02,620 that's the biggest things you see when 169 00:07:11,190 --> 00:07:04,150 you look at the space station good 170 00:07:14,159 --> 00:07:11,200 question hi my name is Julia I'm from 171 00:07:19,080 --> 00:07:14,169 Edmonton Alberta Canada and my favorite 172 00:07:20,820 --> 00:07:19,090 thing was on the spatial simulation and 173 00:07:23,030 --> 00:07:20,830 my question is on what kind of 174 00:07:25,500 --> 00:07:23,040 conversations do you have on the ISS Oh 175 00:07:28,020 --> 00:07:25,510 what kind of conversation do we have on 176 00:07:29,250 --> 00:07:28,030 the ISS well that's that there's there's 177 00:07:31,200 --> 00:07:29,260 several different answers to that 178 00:07:32,640 --> 00:07:31,210 because like I said right now we have 179 00:07:34,680 --> 00:07:32,650 crew members from three different 180 00:07:37,260 --> 00:07:34,690 countries that are living up there to 181 00:07:39,870 --> 00:07:37,270 Americans one Japanese and three 182 00:07:41,490 --> 00:07:39,880 Russians and so you know one thing is 183 00:07:43,350 --> 00:07:41,500 which language are we talking in while 184 00:07:46,250 --> 00:07:43,360 we're up there and it tends to be a 185 00:07:49,140 --> 00:07:46,260 combination of English and Russian 186 00:07:51,120 --> 00:07:49,150 because that's that's just as the the 187 00:07:54,450 --> 00:07:51,130 strongest languages for the crew mix on 188 00:07:57,540 --> 00:07:54,460 board yesterday Joe acaba who is a 189 00:07:59,640 --> 00:07:57,550 Puerto Rican descent did an interview in 190 00:08:01,890 --> 00:07:59,650 Spanish which is really a lot of fun so 191 00:08:04,680 --> 00:08:01,900 he was able to reach out to a large 192 00:08:07,440 --> 00:08:04,690 community of people in in their native 193 00:08:08,880 --> 00:08:07,450 tongue we talked about work the things 194 00:08:10,500 --> 00:08:08,890 we talked about is kind of the same 195 00:08:12,180 --> 00:08:10,510 things you talk about their we're living 196 00:08:14,850 --> 00:08:12,190 with these people for up to half a year 197 00:08:17,490 --> 00:08:14,860 at a time so we talk about work we talk 198 00:08:19,080 --> 00:08:17,500 about school we tell old funny stories 199 00:08:22,170 --> 00:08:19,090 from when we were in training together 200 00:08:24,060 --> 00:08:22,180 or old old stories of what it was like 201 00:08:26,250 --> 00:08:24,070 growing up in the United States are 202 00:08:30,270 --> 00:08:26,260 growing up in Russia are growing up in 203 00:08:31,950 --> 00:08:30,280 Canada and comparing all those different 204 00:08:33,870 --> 00:08:31,960 kind of experiences and getting to know 205 00:08:36,540 --> 00:08:33,880 your crewmates better 206 00:08:38,219 --> 00:08:36,550 it is truly an international today we 207 00:08:41,219 --> 00:08:38,229 just had an interview with aki hoshide a 208 00:08:42,719 --> 00:08:41,229 and he did it in japanese right and the 209 00:08:45,960 --> 00:08:42,729 crew aboard have been watching the 210 00:08:47,430 --> 00:08:45,970 Olympics oh yeah and then the Olympics 211 00:08:48,930 --> 00:08:47,440 are another thing that really draws the 212 00:08:50,460 --> 00:08:48,940 whole world together as we're all 213 00:08:52,230 --> 00:08:50,470 cheering for the cheering for the 214 00:08:54,030 --> 00:08:52,240 athletes cheering for our home country 215 00:08:55,920 --> 00:08:54,040 of course but appreciating the great 216 00:09:05,840 --> 00:08:55,930 efforts of everybody yeah absolutely 217 00:09:09,020 --> 00:09:05,850 good question next my name is Colleen 218 00:09:12,150 --> 00:09:09,030 and I comes from Fairfield Connecticut 219 00:09:16,260 --> 00:09:12,160 and my question is how did you put the 220 00:09:19,170 --> 00:09:16,270 ISS is it warm oh boy how did we put the 221 00:09:23,730 --> 00:09:19,180 ISS into orbit if you look at it now 222 00:09:25,650 --> 00:09:23,740 it's it's over 900,000 pounds and it's 223 00:09:27,300 --> 00:09:25,660 it's kind of hard to even think about 224 00:09:29,580 --> 00:09:27,310 what it takes to put this thing into 225 00:09:32,640 --> 00:09:29,590 orbit because I we couldn't put this 226 00:09:34,740 --> 00:09:32,650 huge space station on top of a great big 227 00:09:37,080 --> 00:09:34,750 monster huge rocket launch it all at 228 00:09:41,310 --> 00:09:37,090 once and so we actually launched it 229 00:09:44,340 --> 00:09:41,320 piece by piece I it took many space 230 00:09:46,620 --> 00:09:44,350 shuttle launches about 27 I don't 231 00:09:48,390 --> 00:09:46,630 remember exactly how many space shuttle 232 00:09:50,700 --> 00:09:48,400 launches to carry up individual pieces 233 00:09:52,560 --> 00:09:50,710 as well as the Russian parts of the 234 00:09:54,690 --> 00:09:52,570 space station went up their own way they 235 00:09:57,600 --> 00:09:54,700 launched the piece of space station on 236 00:10:00,660 --> 00:09:57,610 top of a rocket and then this there's 237 00:10:03,420 --> 00:10:00,670 automatically go up and attach to it and 238 00:10:05,370 --> 00:10:03,430 so we took it up one piece of time until 239 00:10:07,830 --> 00:10:05,380 we got the whole thing built up there 240 00:10:09,690 --> 00:10:07,840 and you actually flew aboard two of the 241 00:10:11,490 --> 00:10:09,700 space shuttle so you know do you recall 242 00:10:12,960 --> 00:10:11,500 any of the items that you brought up in 243 00:10:14,820 --> 00:10:12,970 the well the biggest one we brought up 244 00:10:16,910 --> 00:10:14,830 was on my second space shuttle flight we 245 00:10:20,130 --> 00:10:16,920 brought up the main japanese laboratory 246 00:10:22,650 --> 00:10:20,140 and so it was a one of the largest 247 00:10:24,510 --> 00:10:22,660 single elements on the space station it 248 00:10:26,940 --> 00:10:24,520 pretty much filled up the cargo bay of 249 00:10:29,070 --> 00:10:26,950 the shuttle and so we went up with that 250 00:10:30,720 --> 00:10:29,080 in the back of the space shuttle and we 251 00:10:33,150 --> 00:10:30,730 attached the space shuttle to the 252 00:10:36,510 --> 00:10:33,160 station and then we did some space walks 253 00:10:38,490 --> 00:10:36,520 to prepare the laboratory to install it 254 00:10:40,410 --> 00:10:38,500 and also to prepare the space station 255 00:10:43,920 --> 00:10:40,420 because it's not quite as easy as just 256 00:10:45,780 --> 00:10:43,930 plug in Legos together it sometimes it 257 00:10:47,090 --> 00:10:45,790 looks kind of simple as we plug models 258 00:10:49,370 --> 00:10:47,100 together in different ways 259 00:10:50,720 --> 00:10:49,380 so all very you know complicated and has 260 00:10:53,660 --> 00:10:50,730 to be done just right because once we 261 00:10:56,930 --> 00:10:53,670 attach that once we attach that 262 00:10:58,550 --> 00:10:56,940 laboratory up there for years ago and we 263 00:11:00,050 --> 00:10:58,560 wanted to make sure that was perfectly 264 00:11:02,000 --> 00:11:00,060 clean because it's never going to come 265 00:11:05,060 --> 00:11:02,010 off again so it needs to work for the 266 00:11:07,550 --> 00:11:05,070 next 20 years so it's a it's a you know 267 00:11:09,290 --> 00:11:07,560 it's a great challenge and one of the 268 00:11:12,530 --> 00:11:09,300 amazing things was it all worked it 269 00:11:18,620 --> 00:11:12,540 worked out really well thank you very 270 00:11:20,270 --> 00:11:18,630 good question next question my name is 271 00:11:23,750 --> 00:11:20,280 Caitlin I'm from Martinsburg West 272 00:11:27,020 --> 00:11:23,760 Virginia have you had any emergencies or 273 00:11:31,550 --> 00:11:27,030 close calls on the ISS and what were 274 00:11:33,200 --> 00:11:31,560 they yes occasionally we do we train for 275 00:11:35,360 --> 00:11:33,210 a lot of different things of course so 276 00:11:37,820 --> 00:11:35,370 we train for lots of different kinds of 277 00:11:40,820 --> 00:11:37,830 emergencies we haven't had any that were 278 00:11:43,100 --> 00:11:40,830 were real scary we haven't we trained 279 00:11:47,660 --> 00:11:43,110 for fires we have not had a real fire we 280 00:11:50,360 --> 00:11:47,670 trained for for leaks that were there 281 00:11:53,570 --> 00:11:50,370 airs leaking out and and you know we're 282 00:11:55,280 --> 00:11:53,580 okay there we do a train also for 283 00:11:58,400 --> 00:11:55,290 spilling thing because on the ground if 284 00:12:00,830 --> 00:11:58,410 you spill something bad something really 285 00:12:02,390 --> 00:12:00,840 nasty or toxic as we call it you know it 286 00:12:04,730 --> 00:12:02,400 falls to the floor and you might have a 287 00:12:07,010 --> 00:12:04,740 mess to clean up but it's not that big a 288 00:12:08,930 --> 00:12:07,020 deal but if you if you spill some acid 289 00:12:10,430 --> 00:12:08,940 or something in space well then it's 290 00:12:12,260 --> 00:12:10,440 floating in and it can get in your eyes 291 00:12:14,840 --> 00:12:12,270 getting your lungs and stuff so that's 292 00:12:17,090 --> 00:12:14,850 much more serious and so anything that 293 00:12:19,670 --> 00:12:17,100 we spill it can irritate your eyes or 294 00:12:20,870 --> 00:12:19,680 cause trouble so not quite an emergency 295 00:12:23,660 --> 00:12:20,880 but it's something that we take very 296 00:12:25,430 --> 00:12:23,670 seriously we've had to we do 297 00:12:27,950 --> 00:12:25,440 occasionally we have to move the space 298 00:12:29,660 --> 00:12:27,960 station because there's a piece of space 299 00:12:31,190 --> 00:12:29,670 junk usually it's a piece of an old 300 00:12:33,590 --> 00:12:31,200 satellite or something that's orbiting 301 00:12:35,480 --> 00:12:33,600 up there and we're orbiting together and 302 00:12:38,090 --> 00:12:35,490 sometimes we get so close that we're in 303 00:12:41,030 --> 00:12:38,100 danger of getting hit by this stuff and 304 00:12:43,430 --> 00:12:41,040 so we've got to we have to maneuver turn 305 00:12:46,700 --> 00:12:43,440 we have to ignite the space station 306 00:12:50,030 --> 00:12:46,710 engines and do a little bit of an orbit 307 00:12:59,350 --> 00:12:50,040 change to to get out of its way we do 308 00:13:05,889 --> 00:13:03,090 my name is Calvin I'm from Michigan and 309 00:13:08,829 --> 00:13:05,899 what is your emergency plan if an 310 00:13:12,550 --> 00:13:08,839 asteroid or a meteorite comes at the 311 00:13:14,530 --> 00:13:12,560 space station okay Calvin the well the 312 00:13:17,800 --> 00:13:14,540 emergency plan the first step you do is 313 00:13:19,690 --> 00:13:17,810 we have a big team of people on the 314 00:13:21,730 --> 00:13:19,700 planet who are tracking all of these 315 00:13:25,000 --> 00:13:21,740 different things out there like you know 316 00:13:27,370 --> 00:13:25,010 asteroids and comets and stuff and end 317 00:13:29,319 --> 00:13:27,380 pieces of satellites and rockets that 318 00:13:33,009 --> 00:13:29,329 are in orbit they're tracking this stuff 319 00:13:35,380 --> 00:13:33,019 and they they use computer programs to 320 00:13:37,150 --> 00:13:35,390 to predict where it's going to be and 321 00:13:39,910 --> 00:13:37,160 then in the next days and weeks ahead 322 00:13:41,230 --> 00:13:39,920 and so we know if it's going to we know 323 00:13:43,240 --> 00:13:41,240 ahead of time if it's going to come 324 00:13:45,759 --> 00:13:43,250 close and that's why we would change our 325 00:13:48,160 --> 00:13:45,769 orbit now it's possible that we could 326 00:13:50,319 --> 00:13:48,170 get hit by something that is too small 327 00:13:51,730 --> 00:13:50,329 to track and that's one of the things we 328 00:13:53,350 --> 00:13:51,740 trained for and I think that's what 329 00:13:55,060 --> 00:13:53,360 you're getting at so it's possible that 330 00:13:57,940 --> 00:13:55,070 we could get hit now if we get hit by a 331 00:13:59,920 --> 00:13:57,950 comet well now that's going to be bad 332 00:14:02,230 --> 00:13:59,930 it's that so big it's going to be really 333 00:14:04,060 --> 00:14:02,240 bad but the more likely thing is we'd 334 00:14:06,910 --> 00:14:04,070 get hit by something that could punch a 335 00:14:09,280 --> 00:14:06,920 hole in part of the station and we would 336 00:14:12,160 --> 00:14:09,290 we would get out get all of the people 337 00:14:13,720 --> 00:14:12,170 together and move away from the part of 338 00:14:16,090 --> 00:14:13,730 the station that's leaking and get that 339 00:14:18,610 --> 00:14:16,100 sealed off once we get everybody safe 340 00:14:20,380 --> 00:14:18,620 well then we will work with it with 341 00:14:22,300 --> 00:14:20,390 everybody on the ground and on orbit to 342 00:14:24,519 --> 00:14:22,310 figure out what we do next and that will 343 00:14:26,590 --> 00:14:24,529 depend on a lot of details about exactly 344 00:14:28,660 --> 00:14:26,600 how big of a hole it is or what kind of 345 00:14:30,850 --> 00:14:28,670 damage it caused but you know we have a 346 00:14:33,280 --> 00:14:30,860 lot of plans we hope we never need to 347 00:14:35,139 --> 00:14:33,290 use for how to make repairs or recover 348 00:14:38,290 --> 00:14:35,149 from those kind of situations but the 349 00:14:41,710 --> 00:14:38,300 first step is keep the people safe and 350 00:14:43,810 --> 00:14:41,720 get them as safe as possible so good 351 00:14:49,379 --> 00:14:43,820 very good question i think we still have 352 00:14:56,019 --> 00:14:54,249 hey my name is alex from virginia my 353 00:14:59,049 --> 00:14:56,029 question is what's the worst situation 354 00:15:02,970 --> 00:14:59,059 that you've been in okay Alex the worst 355 00:15:06,519 --> 00:15:02,980 situation I've been in was probably 356 00:15:09,210 --> 00:15:06,529 during during my my space station 357 00:15:12,160 --> 00:15:09,220 mission last June there was a piece of 358 00:15:16,629 --> 00:15:12,170 junk that they identified space debris 359 00:15:19,780 --> 00:15:16,639 that was they identified its track is 360 00:15:22,150 --> 00:15:19,790 becoming close to us too late for us to 361 00:15:24,189 --> 00:15:22,160 do the maneuver away from it and so what 362 00:15:27,009 --> 00:15:24,199 we had to do is close all the hatches on 363 00:15:29,379 --> 00:15:27,019 the station and and kind of get into our 364 00:15:30,970 --> 00:15:29,389 Soyuz Russian Soyuz spacecraft and 365 00:15:33,519 --> 00:15:30,980 that's kind of our emergency way home 366 00:15:36,039 --> 00:15:33,529 and so we got into our Soyuz spacecraft 367 00:15:37,479 --> 00:15:36,049 and close the hatch and then waited to 368 00:15:39,340 --> 00:15:37,489 make sure we didn't get hit because 369 00:15:43,059 --> 00:15:39,350 there's they don't know exactly where 370 00:15:44,889 --> 00:15:43,069 these things are going what you don't 371 00:15:46,629 --> 00:15:44,899 they don't have especially when they're 372 00:15:49,269 --> 00:15:46,639 small and so there's there's enough 373 00:15:51,579 --> 00:15:49,279 uncertainty about it and there's enough 374 00:15:53,949 --> 00:15:51,589 risk associated with it that we had to 375 00:15:56,439 --> 00:15:53,959 we call it hunkering down or shelter in 376 00:15:58,179 --> 00:15:56,449 place and so we did that so that's you 377 00:16:00,759 --> 00:15:58,189 worried up for a little bit as we sit 378 00:16:02,739 --> 00:16:00,769 there trying to listen to say okay do we 379 00:16:06,009 --> 00:16:02,749 hear anything did we hear any any 380 00:16:07,840 --> 00:16:06,019 banging and talking to the ground and 381 00:16:09,879 --> 00:16:07,850 the ground confirmed that all of the 382 00:16:12,729 --> 00:16:09,889 pressures look normal and so we waited 383 00:16:15,039 --> 00:16:12,739 until the time passed and everything was 384 00:16:16,929 --> 00:16:15,049 normal so we went back out and opened up 385 00:16:22,180 --> 00:16:16,939 all the hatches you like to walk back to 386 00:16:25,990 --> 00:16:24,070 my name is Lena Rennels I'm from 387 00:16:27,220 --> 00:16:26,000 Sacramento California and I was 388 00:16:28,960 --> 00:16:27,230 wondering how do you go about working 389 00:16:30,610 --> 00:16:28,970 and communicating with other countries 390 00:16:34,300 --> 00:16:30,620 to keep the international space station 391 00:16:36,700 --> 00:16:34,310 in an Asha it's a communicating with the 392 00:16:39,030 --> 00:16:36,710 other countries and and ground control 393 00:16:41,950 --> 00:16:39,040 teams and even astronauts is a challenge 394 00:16:43,690 --> 00:16:41,960 most of the the communications that we 395 00:16:45,400 --> 00:16:43,700 do on the station are with that with 396 00:16:48,070 --> 00:16:45,410 English with most of the partner 397 00:16:53,200 --> 00:16:48,080 countries so that the Mission Control 398 00:16:57,400 --> 00:16:53,210 Center in Japan and Germany and and 399 00:16:58,990 --> 00:16:57,410 Canada are all work in in English and we 400 00:17:00,430 --> 00:16:59,000 communicate in English with them when 401 00:17:04,929 --> 00:17:00,440 we're working with the Mission Control 402 00:17:07,179 --> 00:17:04,939 in Moscow we work in Russian and so and 403 00:17:08,650 --> 00:17:07,189 and that's just kind of a nature of the 404 00:17:11,439 --> 00:17:08,660 language abilities in different places 405 00:17:13,390 --> 00:17:11,449 and stuff so it can be a little bit 406 00:17:14,980 --> 00:17:13,400 confusing sometimes and when I'm talking 407 00:17:16,900 --> 00:17:14,990 to one of my Russian crewmates for 408 00:17:18,280 --> 00:17:16,910 instance it's kind of funny it drives my 409 00:17:19,689 --> 00:17:18,290 wife crazy because I can have a 410 00:17:22,329 --> 00:17:19,699 conversation with one of my buddies 411 00:17:24,670 --> 00:17:22,339 where I'm speaking English and he 412 00:17:26,439 --> 00:17:24,680 understands my English well enough to 413 00:17:27,790 --> 00:17:26,449 understand what I'm saying but he 414 00:17:29,710 --> 00:17:27,800 doesn't understand English well enough 415 00:17:32,200 --> 00:17:29,720 to answer me so he'll answer me in 416 00:17:34,030 --> 00:17:32,210 Russian and I understand him just fine 417 00:17:36,250 --> 00:17:34,040 and I might answer him in English maybe 418 00:17:37,360 --> 00:17:36,260 a mix of English and Russian and so it's 419 00:17:38,860 --> 00:17:37,370 kind of funny to listen to us talk 420 00:17:42,220 --> 00:17:38,870 because we're perfectly comfortable 421 00:17:44,860 --> 00:17:42,230 after living together for so long having 422 00:17:46,240 --> 00:17:44,870 a conversation like that and so an 423 00:17:48,460 --> 00:17:46,250 astronaut who does fly aboard the 424 00:17:50,080 --> 00:17:48,470 International Space Station does go 425 00:17:52,300 --> 00:17:50,090 through some my language training and so 426 00:17:53,860 --> 00:17:52,310 they they learn Russian oh yes yeah 427 00:17:56,950 --> 00:17:53,870 learning Russian is a requirement to 428 00:17:58,720 --> 00:17:56,960 learn enough to get by and so it's 429 00:17:59,920 --> 00:17:58,730 actually one of the joys of it because 430 00:18:02,050 --> 00:17:59,930 it's so different from the other stuff 431 00:18:04,690 --> 00:18:02,060 I've done throughout my career which is 432 00:18:07,090 --> 00:18:04,700 focused mostly on an engineering work 433 00:18:08,650 --> 00:18:07,100 and system development and so now trying 434 00:18:10,090 --> 00:18:08,660 to use a different part of my brain to 435 00:18:12,880 --> 00:18:10,100 learn another language it's very 436 00:18:14,950 --> 00:18:12,890 challenging but very rewarding to to be 437 00:18:16,990 --> 00:18:14,960 able to now go around another country 438 00:18:19,000 --> 00:18:17,000 and speak in their language and have 439 00:18:21,370 --> 00:18:19,010 that kind of freedom is is really great 440 00:18:22,690 --> 00:18:21,380 and I think a lot of people a lot of 441 00:18:24,640 --> 00:18:22,700 Americans would benefit more from 442 00:18:26,350 --> 00:18:24,650 learning languages so they could enjoy 443 00:18:28,120 --> 00:18:26,360 other cultures you don't really 444 00:18:30,640 --> 00:18:28,130 understand another culture until you 445 00:18:32,350 --> 00:18:30,650 understand some of its language and so I 446 00:18:35,139 --> 00:18:32,360 absolutely say if you guys are 447 00:18:36,879 --> 00:18:35,149 interested in learning something even he 448 00:18:39,310 --> 00:18:36,889 and you know language or something like 449 00:18:41,229 --> 00:18:39,320 that we encourage you to go after that 450 00:18:44,379 --> 00:18:41,239 you got that was a good question next 451 00:18:46,239 --> 00:18:44,389 question all right thank you that was 452 00:18:47,649 --> 00:18:46,249 the last of the student questions but I 453 00:18:50,049 --> 00:18:47,659 was wondering before you go can you 454 00:18:52,419 --> 00:18:50,059 explain how you can go from a scam 455 00:18:54,519 --> 00:18:52,429 student being like an astronaut or an 456 00:18:58,149 --> 00:18:54,529 engineer someone out working at NASA oh 457 00:19:00,070 --> 00:18:58,159 absolutely absolutely oh I know that the 458 00:19:02,229 --> 00:19:00,080 the all of students there at Space Camp 459 00:19:03,849 --> 00:19:02,239 are having a great time it's just a 460 00:19:06,279 --> 00:19:03,859 wonderful experience and you get exposed 461 00:19:08,109 --> 00:19:06,289 to so many different things because 462 00:19:09,549 --> 00:19:08,119 there are so many things to the space 463 00:19:11,320 --> 00:19:09,559 business whether you're in Mission 464 00:19:13,269 --> 00:19:11,330 Control where we're sitting right now or 465 00:19:15,459 --> 00:19:13,279 one of the laboratories around here 466 00:19:18,009 --> 00:19:15,469 helping develop new space systems for 467 00:19:20,079 --> 00:19:18,019 the future or an astronaut in training 468 00:19:22,450 --> 00:19:20,089 in other buildings around the center 469 00:19:23,889 --> 00:19:22,460 here or around the world and as the 470 00:19:25,629 --> 00:19:23,899 students can see from their time at 471 00:19:27,999 --> 00:19:25,639 Space Camp there's a lot of different 472 00:19:30,039 --> 00:19:28,009 things associated with this they have a 473 00:19:31,959 --> 00:19:30,049 things there where they can learn about 474 00:19:33,519 --> 00:19:31,969 neutral buoyancy where they can learn 475 00:19:34,810 --> 00:19:33,529 about different kinds of engineering 476 00:19:36,659 --> 00:19:34,820 where they can learn about different the 477 00:19:39,849 --> 00:19:36,669 different space science things like 478 00:19:41,709 --> 00:19:39,859 geology planetary geology comparing the 479 00:19:44,379 --> 00:19:41,719 geology of the earth to that of the moon 480 00:19:46,149 --> 00:19:44,389 and now we have a new tool to learn more 481 00:19:48,909 --> 00:19:46,159 about the geology and the history of 482 00:19:51,159 --> 00:19:48,919 Mars and all of these things are part of 483 00:19:53,049 --> 00:19:51,169 the body of knowledge that we're working 484 00:19:56,829 --> 00:19:53,059 on putting together on the space station 485 00:20:01,389 --> 00:19:56,839 we do experiments in materials on human 486 00:20:02,649 --> 00:20:01,399 bodies and chemistry on combustion lots 487 00:20:04,539 --> 00:20:02,659 and lots of different kinds of 488 00:20:06,579 --> 00:20:04,549 experiments and science go into the work 489 00:20:09,489 --> 00:20:06,589 we're doing on the space station so for 490 00:20:11,889 --> 00:20:09,499 the students today take check it all out 491 00:20:13,479 --> 00:20:11,899 and when you when you're doing some of 492 00:20:15,969 --> 00:20:13,489 these different things and something 493 00:20:19,599 --> 00:20:15,979 really lights you up and you say wow 494 00:20:21,789 --> 00:20:19,609 that is so cool well go learn more about 495 00:20:23,409 --> 00:20:21,799 it go study more about it when you get 496 00:20:25,479 --> 00:20:23,419 back to school in a few weeks ago ask 497 00:20:27,159 --> 00:20:25,489 your teachers about it and maybe in the 498 00:20:29,619 --> 00:20:27,169 science classes or the things you can 499 00:20:31,719 --> 00:20:29,629 learn more and a lot of you can find 500 00:20:34,029 --> 00:20:31,729 your future careers in these things that 501 00:20:36,639 --> 00:20:34,039 you learn at Space Camp where you go wow 502 00:20:38,320 --> 00:20:36,649 that's really cool go learn more about 503 00:20:40,209 --> 00:20:38,330 it and that could end up being a college 504 00:20:43,299 --> 00:20:40,219 degree it can be a career here at NASA 505 00:20:45,759 --> 00:20:43,309 and there's people in the astronaut 506 00:20:47,259 --> 00:20:45,769 office have lots of different 507 00:20:48,580 --> 00:20:47,269 backgrounds different kinds of 508 00:20:52,149 --> 00:20:48,590 engineering 509 00:20:53,950 --> 00:20:52,159 sciences mathematics medicine lots of 510 00:20:55,390 --> 00:20:53,960 backgrounds astronauts can have many 511 00:20:57,250 --> 00:20:55,400 different kinds of backgrounds and 512 00:20:59,110 --> 00:20:57,260 there's no one background that's better 513 00:21:01,899 --> 00:20:59,120 than the others the important thing is 514 00:21:03,490 --> 00:21:01,909 what you really like so follow your 515 00:21:05,890 --> 00:21:03,500 passion find those things that really 516 00:21:08,289 --> 00:21:05,900 interest you and go learn more about it 517 00:21:10,360 --> 00:21:08,299 and study hard and be one of the best 518 00:21:12,370 --> 00:21:10,370 because that's what we're looking for is 519 00:21:14,890 --> 00:21:12,380 people that stand out as as some of the 520 00:21:17,110 --> 00:21:14,900 best at what they do and they're the 521 00:21:19,029 --> 00:21:17,120 best at it if they really love it right 522 00:21:21,970 --> 00:21:19,039 here just as much as they love it up 523 00:21:23,889 --> 00:21:21,980 here have fun and be sure to thank your 524 00:21:25,990 --> 00:21:23,899 teachers and your mentors oh yes there 525 00:21:28,120 --> 00:21:26,000 there there for you to help you learn 526 00:21:30,490 --> 00:21:28,130 all those wonderful things and you have 527 00:21:32,560 --> 00:21:30,500 it here explore to explore Mike Fossum 528 00:21:37,690 --> 00:21:32,570 it's always a pleasure to have you any 529 00:21:40,240 --> 00:21:37,700 other questions before we cut out great